Scarica Have to, must e should e più Schemi e mappe concettuali in PDF di Lingua Inglese solo su Docsity! 4B
have to, must, should
have to / must (+ infinitive)
1 Youhave to wear a seatbelt in a c (è) 42)
Do you have to work on Saturdays
Thad to wear a uniform at my primary school.
PI have to get up carly tomorrow. My interview is at 9.00.
2 You must be on time tomorrow because therws a rest.
You must remember to phone Emily—it's her birthday.
3 Ilove the Louvre! You have to go when you're in Paris.
You must sce this film - is amazing!
* haveto and must are normally used to talk about obligation or
something chat it is necessary to do.
1 haveto isa normal verb and it exists in alltenses and forms,
eg. also as a gerund or infinicive.
2 wnustisa modal verb. Ironly exists in the present, butit can he
used with a future meaning.
3. You can also use have to or must for strong recommendations,
have to or must?
Have to and must have a very similar meaning, and you
can usually use either form.
Have to is more common for general, external obligations,
for example rules and laws.
Must is more common for specific (i.e. on one occasion) or
personal obligations. Compare:
thave to wear a shirt and tie at work.
company)
must buy a new shirt - this one is too otd now, it's my
own decision.)
E It's the rule in this
have got to
Have got to is often used instead of have to or mustin
spoken English, e.g. fve got to go now. it's very late.
a Complete with the correct form of have to Lor
L'ithave to call backlater because the line's engaged
Passengers
2_ you
school?
switch off ùeir laptops during take-o(î.
do a lot ofhomework when you were at
GRAMMAR BANK
>» Pocket Book pp.8-9
don't have to
You don't have to pay chis muscum is frec (2) 43))
You don't have to go to the party if you don't want to.
mustn't
You mustn't park here. (2) 44)
You mustn?t eat char cake — it's for the party.
* We use don't have to when there is no obligation to do
someching, and musta'i when something is prohibited.
+ don't have to and mustu't are completely different. Comp:
You can drive if
you want to, but ir's not necessary f obligatory.)
You don't have 10 drive we can geta train.
You mustn't drive along this street. (= It's prohibited, against rhe
law, NOT Yowdon!thaveto-drive ‘atongthisstreet.)
* You can often use can't or not allowed to instead of wustir'i
You mustn't{ can't |'re not allowed to park here
should / shoutdn't (+ infinitive)
Youshould rake warm clothes with youto Dublin. (2) 45)
It might be cold at night.
You shouldn't drink so much coffee. LL isn't good for you
Tthink the government should do something about
unemployment.
* shonldis notas strong as must | have to. We use it to give advice
or an opinion — to say if we think something is the right or
wrong thing co do.
* should is modal verb. The only forms are should }shouldn't
+ You can use ought to | ought not to instead of should | shoutdn't.
You oughi to take warm clothes with you to Dublin.
You ought not to drink so much coffee.
le) the correct form. Tick 4 ifboth are
possible.
You don't have to [@ustn]
Duse your phone in
quiet zones
1 Do you think we should | vuglit to text Dad
icrari . i ” s)
3. My sister is a nurse, so some wccks she _work nights. ro tell him we'll be late?
- Dv shav x
4 you ever have an operarion? 2 Youdon tinnue no | mist send text
ne e messages when you are driving,
3 Saturdays are che best day of the weck. 1 love getup CSS 7 s
carl. 3A pilot hasto f uust wear a uniform when
carly. E] x
° . . Dr het at work.
6 leave a message on her voicemail because she wasn'tin.
7 Inche future, people
home. ©
8 With old mobile phones, you used to_
more often.
9 your boyfriend
weckends?
1
0 The exhibition was free, so 1
-pay. E]
— go to school; they"Il all study at
charge the battery
answer his work emails at
4 You showdn" | mustn*t talk on your mobile
when you're filling up with perrol.
Lhave to } must speak to my phone company.
My last bill was wrong.
6 We don't have to | mustW't harry. We have
plenty oftime.
< p.39
SITI
