JAMES JOICE - BIOGRAFIA ED OPERE, Appunti di Inglese

Scarica JAMES JOICE - BIOGRAFIA ED OPERE e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! JAMES JOYCE LIFE In 1905 the couple settled in Trieste, where Joyce began teaching English and made friends with Italo Svevo. The years in Trieste were difficult. Dubliners (1914), a collection of short stories all about Dublin and its life, was completed in 1905. In 1920 Joyce moved to Paris, Although this final decade of Joyce’s life was darkened by his daughter’s illness, his increasing blindness and his father’s death, he continued to write on what was eventually to be published. Joyce, Nora and Giorgio returned to Zurich, the city that had first given them refuge during World War I. Joyce never saw the conclusion ofWorld War II. Following an intestinal operation, he died at the age of 59 in January 1941. He was buried in Zurich. Dublin : Joyce went into voluntary exile at the age of 22, he set all his works in Ireland and mostly in the city of Dublin. Hiseffortwas to give a realistic portrait of the life of ordinary people doing ordinary things and living. Hishostility towardsthe Church was the revolt of the artist-heretic against the official doctrine. Style : The artist’s taskwas to render life objectively in order to give back to the readers a true image of it. This necessarily led to the isolation and detachment of the artist from society. Joyce used different points of view and narrative techniques appropriate to the characters portrayed. His style, technique and language developed from the realism and the disciplined prose of Dubliners, through an exploration of the characters’ impressions and points of view, through the use of free direct speech, to the interior monologue with two levels of narration – adevice used to give a realistic framework to the characters’ formless thoughts – up to the extreme interior monologue. So language broke down in to a succession of words without punctuation or grammatical connections, into infinite puns, and reality became the place of psychological projections, of symbolic archetypes and cultural knowledge. WORKS DUBLINERS= structure and setting: Dubliners consists of 15 short stories; they disclose human situations and moments of intensity, and lead to amoral, socialor spiritual revelation. The opening stories deal with childhood and youth in Dublin; the others, advancing in time and expanding in scope, concern the middle years of characters and their social, political or religious affairs. Joyce was hostile to city life, finding that it degraded its citizens. In fact, his Dublin is a place where true feeling and compassion for others do not exist. The stories are arranged into four groups, and he tell the moral history of his country and he chose Dublin for the scene because that city seemed the centre of paralysis. I have tried to present it to the indifferent public under four of its aspects: CHILDHOOD, ADOLESCENCE, MATURITY AND PUBLIC LIFE. The last story, is “The Dead”, It summarises themes and motifs of the other 14 stories of the collection, are an epilogue. Characters: It was the oppressive effects of religious, political, cultural and economic forces on the lives of lower-middle-class Dubliners. Everyone in Dublin seems to be caught up in an endless web of despair. Even when they want to escape, Joyce’s Dubliners are unable to because they are spiritually weak. Simbolism: The description in each story is realistic and extremely concise, with an abundance of external details. The use of realism is mixed with symbolism , since external details generally have a deeper meaning. The name of certain objects is carefully chosen. Religious symbolism can also be found. Even colour symbolism is widely employed in the collection: brown, grey and yellow frequently suggest the pervading atmosphere of despair and paralysis. Epiphany: is, ‘the sudden spiritual manifestation’ caused by a trivial gesture, an external object or a banal situation, which reveals the character’s inner truths. It provokes a paralysis. Style: is characterised by two distinct elements: the interior monologue and patterned repetition of images, that is, chiasmus. Joyce employs a first person narrator, This narrator describes events from the point of view of the young boy. For the other 12 stories a third-person narrator is employed: he often shares a particular character’s perspective and tends to reflect the language. The narrator tends to disappear in the interior monologue, which is in the form of free direct speech. The language of