Scarica James Joyce and Dubliners (Eveline) e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! James Joyce He was a very famous poet. He was Irish, in fact he was born in Dublin, but he wrote his works in English. He belongs to the first generation of modern writers. He studied in a private school, a Jesuit school but after he rejected these ideas. . He realized that Dublin was a provincial town, so he couldn’t do what he wanted. So he went into a voluntary exile in Trieste. In Trieste he met Italo Svevo; these years in Italy were difficult. Here he wrote Dubliners, a collection of short stories all about Dublin and its life. He wanted to represent life in Dublin. After he went to Zurich with his family and to Paris. In Paris he published Ulysses in 1922. It was an unconventional book, in fact it’s about a modern Ulysses who goes around Dublin for 24 hours, so for one day. In this work he used the stream of consciousness, an extreme form of interior monologue.In the stream of consciousness there aren’t comas, there is a continuous flow, thoughts are arranged in a irrationalistic way. Its meaning is a part of unconsciousness and subconsciousness. Ulysses is an ordinary man, he doesn’t do many things, but we know about his thoughts, his private life and sex. In fact this work is considered obscene. Joyce presentes a man of the XX century while Omero’s Ulysses was an aero. These two characters are different. Joyce believed in the personality of the artist. The artist must give back to the readers a true image of reality. In this way the artist isolated himself from society. Joyce used different narrative techniques according to the characters. He also gives a very realistic description of Dublin. Dubliners Dubliners was his first important work. It consists of 15 short stories that were written years before. These stories are about thoughts, in fact they all lack obvious action. Stories are about a character's thoughts and revelation. He used the interior monologue, so thoughts are written in a rational way, there are full stops. The first stories deal with childhood and youth in Dublin, which he considered the center of paralysis. The others stories concern the middle years of characters and their social, political affairs. Joyce was hostile to city life, in fact in his opinion Dublin was a place of cruelty and selfishness. Joyce wanted to give a description of life in Europe because Dublin symbolized the other European cities. In each story there is an epiphany; epiphany is meaning revelation. Epiphany is the sudden spiritual manifestation caused by a trivial gesture, an external object or a banal situation, which reveals the character’s inner truths. So thoughts or objects are the source of revelation to one character. It seems to be in the mind of the characters. The characters are people of lower-middle class in Dublin. In Dublin everyone seems to be caught up in an endless web of despair. Everyone wants to escape, but they are spiritually weak, like Eveline. In these stories he used a very strong realism, everything is described in a realistic way. This realism is mixed with symbolism, so eternal details have a deeper meaning. The symbolism also is religious. Colors are important, in fact brown, gray or yellow suggest the pervading atmosphere of despair and paralysis. This work is characterized by the interior monologue and chiasmus. In the first three short stories he uses the first person narrator; while in the others he uses the third person narrator. The narrator tends to disappear in the interior monologue. The protagonist’s thoughts are introduced without any reporting verbs. The language appears simple, objective and neutral. Chiasmus created melodic effects. The topic of paralysis is presented from beginning to end. This paralysis is both fiscal and moral. Dubliners accept this situation because they are not aware of it or because they don't have the courage to change it. The main theme is the failure to find a way out of paralysis. The opposite of paralysis is the escape but it brings failure. In all his works he started in medias res with the analysis of a particolar moment. The portrait of of the character is based on introspection rather than on description. Time is perceveid as subjective. Eveline: It is a complete short story., in which there is a large use of interior monologue. This story deals with the life of a 19 years old girl who wants to change her life but she is unable to leave her family community in Dublin. At the beginning of the text she is looking outside the window and she thinks about her past life, she is thinking about her childhood. She thinks that things are very different from before. She
