James Joyce, spiegazione in inglese delle sue opere e del suo stile, Appunti di Lingua Inglese

Scarica James Joyce, spiegazione in inglese delle sue opere e del suo stile e più Appunti in PDF di Lingua Inglese solo su Docsity! James Joyce James Joyce was born in Dublin in 1882. He was educated at Jesuit schools (strict catholic education at first he wanted to become a priest, but then he was against the official doctrine). Then he went to University College, Dublin and here he studied French, Italian and German languages and literatures and English literature, and graduated in modern languages. He grew up a rebel among the rebels: rather than in the political situation of Ireland, he was interested in the European culture, and this led him to begin to think of himself as a European rather than an Irishman. June 1904 he met and fell in love with Nora Barnacle, a twenty-year-old girl who was working as a chambermaid in a hotel, and then he left Ireland forever. This was an act of rebellion against the whole of Irish life. In October they moved to Italy, settling in Trieste where Joyce began teaching English and made friends with Italo Svevo. Ulysses which was published in 1922 (in the same year Eliot published The Waste Land). Narrative technique Joyce was a Modernist writer • For him, is not important the event but what the event causes in your mind (impressions, ideas, thoughts). He exploring the mind of characters and give voice to their thoughts. • Joyce’s stories and novels open in medias res with the analysis of a particular moment, and that the portrait of the character is based on introspection rather than on description. • The impersonality of the artist Joyce, influenced by the French authors Flaubert and Baudelaire, believed in the impersonality of the artist, as Eliot. • Joyce used different points of view and appropriate techniques for the different characters. His style is characterized by the inner monologue (no narrator, we follow the thoughts of the characters) and the language has been translated into a succession of words without punctuation or grammatical connections. • No chronological order, there is no distinction between past, present and future because they are all contemporary in the mind, he follows the flow of thoughts. • The stream of consciousness is the narrative technique used by James Joyce in his novels and it consists in the description of a character thoughts as they appear in his mind before they are organized into logic forms by his conscience. • The linguistic register is varied, since the language used in all the stories depending on the age, the social class and the role of the characters. • the epiphany that is the sudden revelation caused by some events or object of everyday life (or a banal situation). They remember something that happened in the past. DUBLINERS • Dubliners is a collection of 15 short stories divided in 4 groups (childhood, adolescence, mature life, public life) published in 1914 but written by Joyce between 1904-1907 (year in which Joyce left Ireland forever). • In his work James Joyce describes the Irish middle class life in and around Dublin in the early years of the 20th century. He wants to give a realistic portrait of the life of ordinary people doing ordinary things and living ordinary lives. • It represents the modern city where man loses his individuality. There are all the protagonist of the other stories; they are physically alive but psychologically dead. • He gives the reader a negative judgement opinion of Dublin because he feels oppressed by religious, political, cultural and economic forces • Dublin is realistically described (with the names of the shops, the names of the streets) • Every single tale is told from one of the character’s point of view with a little interference of the narrator. Joyce in this collection uses mainly the direct speech, even when describing the characters thoughts because in this way he allow the reader to deeply understand the characters. • In the collection there are two recurring themes: the paralysis and the escape. 1. Paralysis: takes different forms: it can be physical, moral, emotional or psychological due to the politics, the religion and the Irish culture of the time. They don’t able to change somthing in their life for this they accept their conditions. 2. Escape: is strictly connected to the previous one because the reaction to the realizing of this paralysis is the escape that always fail. EVELINE (1914) It’s a short story about a teenager (19 years old), it’s about her confusions and adolescence. She comes from a working class irish family, she worked in a shop (her boss doesn’t like her and she finds that job boring), her mother is dead and she misses her terribly her father is violent,aggressive,abusive,misery,drunk and she lives with him. She sat at the window and watching the evening invade the avenue (looking outside and explore some memories) She want to leave the home (she is going to escape) because the father is violent and aggressive with her, he’s drunk, she need to stay at home to help the family, she cooks, cleans the house (is not loving kind of father). She wants to go to Bueno Sares, it’s a big city, it’s a euphemism. Frank, Eveline’s boyfriend represents the way to escape from the family, he is a ideal boyfriend, he loves very much Eveline-> it’s a traditional falling in love She work in a shop, and Mrs Gavan didn’t respect her Sailor chaps->(take the people of home) father’s idea of Frank, he doesn’t want his daughter get married to Frank. He does not want his daughter go away, he will miss her, no because he loves her, but because he will lose the housekeeper. When she writing a letter for the father and for the brother, she remember the good moment with the father, because she is about to leave. She think that sometimes he could be very nice and help her, keep her company.