James Joyce stile e opere, Appunti di Inglese

Scarica James Joyce stile e opere e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! James Joyce In the first period of his production, he wrote Dubliners and A portrait of the artist as a young man. In the second period of his production Joyce wrote Ulysses and Finnegan Wake. The main difference between the two period of his work is the writing techniques used. During the first period he use traditional writing techniques, while during the second period he uses innovative and modern techniques, like the stream of consciousness techniques, these feeling are written down in the moment they are thought All his works are set in Dublin, where he was born. There is a contradiction, he leaves Ireland, and never come back there, but he always set his novel there. He loved and hated Dublin at the same time. He loved Dublin, because he was born there, it is the town where he grew up, where he met the love of his life Nora Barnacle, but at the same time he hates Dublin, because he considered it as the center of paralysis. Dubliners One of the most known novels written by James Joyce is Dubliners, written between 1904-1906. It is a collection of fifteen tales, from the infancy to adult life, because the protagonist of the first tale are children, the main character of the last tales are adults. The main features of Dubliners are paralysis and epiphany. According to Joyce people of Dubliners are paralyzed, they can’t act, can’t react, their will is paralyzed, their energy is paralyzed. According to Joyce the causes of the paralysis are three: ・ The government and institutions; ・ The family tie paralyzes people; ・ Religion paralyzes people, especially catholic religion (Joyce’s family was catholic and he was educated from Jesuits). In the last chapter of Ulysses is all written using the stream of consciousness techniques Eveline Eveline, the protagonist of the tale, is a young girl, orphan of mother who lives with her father and brother. Evelin takes care of them. Only Ulysses Ulysses is the most known novel of James Joyce. It is a modernist novel; it belongs to the modernism movement. It is written with unusual writing techniques, like the stream of consciousness. The stream of consciousness technique is an innovative writing technique with which the writer writes about the thoughts and feelings of the character in the same moment they are thought and felt, in a free and chaotic association of ideas, without any sign of punctation. Despite is length (about 1000 pages), the novel takes place in less than twenty-four hours (from 8am to 2 am). The novel has three main character: Leopold Bloom, Molly Bloom, Leopold’s wife, Stephen Dedalus, protagonist of “A portrait of the artist as a young man”. Ulysses from the Odyssey is the typical epic hero, he is the king of Ithaca, is a brave and courageous man, intelligent, smart, cunning, he is a charismatic leader, is a good looking, James Joyce (1882-1941) He was born in Dublin in 1882. He graduated in modern languages, which was kind of uncommon. He never felt an Irish man. Irish people always thought of themselves as superior: a war against Britain was going on. He looked for a solution outside his homeland. For this reason, he lived in Italy (Trieste), although Joyce’s novels are all set in Dublin: he was still very interested in Irish people’s future. He spent some time in Paris and in 1931 he got married: Joyce and his wife moved finally to Italy and spent the rest of their lives in Trieste. Joyce had a lot of troubles because of his novels, which were considered inconvenient (and weren’t published). The Dubliners was first published in 1914 but completed only a year later. Another very important work was A portrait of the artist as a young man (1916). Both these works were revised by Ezra Pound. In 1922 he finished writing the Ulysses. Joyce’s novels focus on Dublin in its ordinary life (not only the social situation of the city but also the psychological situation of people living in the city): the social contest wasn’t the most important thing. He wanted to focus on how the characters behaved. The way their minds work affects their behaviour. This is why the events are not presented not in a chronological order but as they came to the protagonist’s mind. There’s no outside narrator: it is the character himself (or herself) who tells us the story. The narration starts in medias res: there’s not introduction. Joyce was almost blind: that’s why it said that his novels are supposed to be read aloud: they are full of words which remind smells and sounds. The Dubliners (1914-1915) is a collection of short stories about people in Dublin. The collection is divided in two parts: childhood, adolescence, adulthood (mature life) and public life. The last story is called The dead: it is considered one of Joyce’s masterpieces (more than the Ulysses). It contains everything Joyce wanted to express (revealing much of himself); it is quite long (it is in between a long story and a short novel). A little cloud is the first novel of adulthood section. The sense of paralysis is the fil rouge which connects the whole collection: Joyce chooses people paralysed in their environment: they don’t have a way to escape: they don’t want to escape or they cannot. Eveline is one of the characters who has the possibility of leaving with the man she loves: she has to make a decision: either leaving and escaping or staying. People are paralysed in a situation but they have the possibility of a choice. Each character got to choose for himself. Eliot’s chorus started from the same point: they were paralysed. The sudden revelation (epiphany) makes the character change their minds. Eveline is the third novel from adolescence (II part): she’s a young girl who is engaged with a sailor. She has the possibility to leave and follow him in Buenos Aires. LETTERATURA INGLESE – JAMES JOYCE James Joyce was an Irish novelist and poet, considered to be one of the most influential writes in the modernist avant-garde of the early 20th century. In this sense, he rejected older types of novels, full of conservatives values and extreme realism, and he felt the strong need to reflect on the complexity of the human mind working and the apparent irrationality of modern urban life. Though most of his adult life was spent abroad, Joyce’s fictional universe does not extend beyond Dublin: it is populated by characters who resemble family members, enemies and friends from his time.