James Joyce's Innovative Stream of Consciousness Technique in Ulysses, Appunti di Inglese

Scarica James Joyce's Innovative Stream of Consciousness Technique in Ulysses e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! INGLESE: JAMES JOYCE The great innovations in the breaking with the Victorian Age fiction were the idea of duration and the stream of consciousness technique in which the omniscient narrator disappeared to be replaced by the indirect or direct presentation of characters, through feelings and memories. Stream of consciousness has became famous especially through the novels of James Joyce. In Joyce’s Ulysses, ideas and images are put together and they are presented with no rational order. Stream of Consciousness tries to reproduce the continuous flow of human thought, which at times overlaps past present and future. Joyce’s stream of consciousness technique is characterized by linguistic and psychological devices: - Linguistically short compressed sentences often without a main verb and subject - Description of an event interrupted by comments or thoughts - Bring in abrupt images or thoughts from a character’s past - Question in the mind - Musical quality of words (assonance, alliteration) - Flashbacks, fade-outs and slow-ups - Story within a story - Use of similes and metaphors. The stream of consciousness is the psychic phenomenon itself, while the interior monologue is the instrument used to translate this phenomenon into words. It can be divide in: - Direct interior monologue, that refers to the direct presentation of a character’s stream of consciousness without the presence of an author or narrator. - Indirect interior monologue, that refers to the indirect presentation of a character through the voice of an anonymous third person narrator. This type is easier to read because it often includes more descriptive passages or explanation. The second period of Joyce’s writing sees the transition from a somewhat traditional approach to a stage of experimentation, rich in symbolism and allegory. The best known work of the second period is Ulysses. It takes as its material a single day, June 16, 1904, in the life of three Dubliners, and it is divided into three corresponding parts. The central character in the first part is Stephen Dedalus. Stephen is a young man with intellectual ambitions, the enemy of his own country and a martyr to art. He is an arrogant young man preaching the gospel of art to the Irish. His surname Dedalus, is of course that of legendary Greek artificer: Stephen desires to convert the philistine Irish to the cult of beauty inherited from the Greeks. The second part of Ulysses is dominated by the figure of Leopold Bloom, the Ulysses of the title: a middle-age married man, who wanders around Dublin as Ulysses wandered around the Mediterranean, encountering adventures which roughly parallel those of the Homeric hero. The third part is dominated by his wife, Molly Bloom, who corresponds to Ulysses’ s wife Penelope, just as Stephen Dedalus represents Ulysses’ son Telemachus. The novel begins with Stephen evicted from his lodgings and forced to wander the streets in search of a father and a home; in his wanderings he meets Bloom, who adopts him by offering to take him home and give him shelter. At home, awaiting the wanderers, is Molly Bloom, like Penelope on Ithaca. The book concludes with her ruminations as she lies awake in bed.