Modal verbs in English: Must, Have to, Should, Appunti di Lingua Inglese

Scarica Modal verbs in English: Must, Have to, Should e più Appunti in PDF di Lingua Inglese solo su Docsity! Obligation Must – Have to – Should Must You must study English.  Structure – Subject + MUST + Infinitive – Subject + Must + Not (Mustn’t) + Infinitive – Same for all persons – no third person – No interrogative form – Use Have to – No past form – Use Have to Uses  Used in public notices and for regulations – You must buy a ticket before boarding the train  Strong recommendations – You must visit the Tate Modern when you are in London  When the speaker personally feels it’s necessary to do something – I must buy a train ticket before I go to London Uses – Must not  Used to say what you cannot do or is prohibited – You must not smoke in the building Must – Present/Future Uses • Used to describe both present and future situations – We must go home now, we’re tired. – Present – I must book the restaurant tomorrow - Future Have to Affirmative - I have to study English today. • Subject + have to + infinitive • No abbreviated form Negative - I don’t have to study English today. • Subject + auxiliary + not + have to + infinitive Interrogative - Do you have to study English today? • Auxiliary + Subject + have to + infinitive? Uses • Used to describe things which are necessary to do • When the situation makes something necessary – She’s a salesperson, she has to travel a lot in her job. • Used to describe things which are necessary due to circumstances – He lives a long way from school so he has to take the bus to school. • To ask what it is necessary to do – Do I have to carry an identity card in the UK? Must / Have to Uses • In many cases there is no difference between Must and Have to – Sorry, I must leave now – Sorry, I have to leave now Mustn’t / Don’t have to  Completely different meanings  Mustn’t = Prohibition o You mustn’t smoke here.  It’s forbidden, against the rules  Don’t Have to = It’s not necessary o You don’t have to hand in your homework today.  It’s not necessary, you have a choice Have to – Past • I had to do my English homework last night. • He didn’t have to do his English homework yesterday. • Did you have to do your English homework yesterday? Have to – Future Use WILL to form the future of Have to • He’ll have to study English tomorrow. • She won’t have to study English tomorrow. • Will you have to study English tonight? Also use Have to in the Present for the future • I have to do the shopping tomorrow. Should Affirmative - I should study English today. • Subject + should + infinitive • No abbreviated form • No third person