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PREPARAZIONE PER IDONEITÀ LINGUA INGLESE BI In base al corso Inglese intermedio B1 PARTE 1 IL VOCABOLARIO PARTE 2 LA GRAMMATICA PAETE 3 LA SIMULAZIONE PARTE 1 IL VOCABOLARIO Modulo 1 Unit 1 wake up, get up, get dressed/undressed, catch the bus, take...minutes to, get home, go to sleep, alarm clock, straight away, in a hurry, grab, canteen, try, library, late, at the weekend, in the evening Unit 2 building, dam, free-lance, building site, surveyor, staff, end-of-year report, timetable, term, subject, A levels, engineer, headmaster, shoemaker, tailor, barber Unit 3 statistics, biology, history, classics, engineering, chemistry, languages, politics Modulo 2 Unit 1 bread, milk, cheese, biscuits, fish, meat, eggs, fruit, vegetables, chocolate, water, orange juice, apples, jam, cherries, chips, tomatoes, mushrooms, grapes, carrots, strawberries,butter, cereal, croissant, ham, honey, prawn, sandwich, soup, toast Unit 2 coppers, quid, fiver, tenner, grand, coin, banknote, castle, forgery Unit 3 housing, service, campus, complex flat, facility Unit 4 newspaper, pencil sharpener, highlighter, crisps, matches, cigarettes, coke, toothpaste, tuna, whisky Modulo 3 Unit 1 acquire, position, inventor, industrialist, laboratory,explosive, tunnel, firearms, foundation Unit 2 slavery, intially, profitable, tabacco, plantations, cotton, presence, abolition, ban, borders, estate, routes, underground, railroad Unit 3 martyr, murderer, controversial, figure, crusade, violence, execution, chain, religious, vehemently, merchant, tanner, speculator, combination, bankruptcy, soil, threat, attempt, setteler, brush, beseeching, seize, treason, peaceful Modulo 4 Unit 1 musician, suburb, debut, album, success, singer, career, prize, award, concert, charitable, ally, popular, audience, talented, actress Unit 2 holiday, guidebook, taxi, agitated, packing, electricity, plane, belongings, footwear Unit 3 conceive, relaxation, campaign, thrive, heritage, poetry, alteration, anthology, selection, eminent, enormous, progress Unit 4 fascinating, insight, invitation, regimental, clerk, decipher, inscription, shorthand, reveal, inflammation, lentil, olive, spices, socks, underpants, display, excavation Unit 5 postcard, weather, format, fax, page, expect, netiquette, communication, similar, informal, permanent, convenient, automatically, misunderstanding, convention, polite, emoticon, guess Modulo 5 Unit 1 crowded, quite, summer, historical, monument, perform, river, cottage Unit 2 conurbation, prominence, nucleus, complexes, canal, manufacture, orchestra, wet, warm, Unit 3 wedding, ceremony, guest, bride, groom, veil, outdoor, professional, horizon, hyperactive, overhead, charming, straightforward, brooding, close, dishy, elf, gathering, loaf, naughty, smelly, snappy, soulful, stroppy, responsible, sensible, acceptable, dependable, presentable, respectable, clinical, criminal, cynical, fanatical, intellectual, liberal, logical, magical, practical, radical, absurd, asleep, deep, young Unit 4 early, fast, free, hard, high, late, low, near, right, straight, wrong, fluently Modulo 6 Unit 1 Evzones, national, particular, innkeeper, manage, monastic, immaculate, goldfish, apprentice, stove, drum Unit 2 engine, underneath, vehicle, motion, distinguish, nervous, arrest, pub, ashtray, demonstration, ride, scooter, licence, pavement, optional, suspicion Unit 3 cheque, convicted, robbery, stand, reduce, behaviour, damage, truck, panel, bumper, plate, Unit 4 mystery, profile, magazine, mention, attractive, salary, competition, creative, dull, flexible, mundane, varied, well-paid, detail, critically, acclaim, smash, brilliant, venue, tube, station, matinee, credit, collect, deduction Unit 5 official, purpose, contraction, invitation, reception, regret, inform, applicatiom, advertisement, satisfaction, function, ignore, diversity, workplace, consideration, attach, enthusiasm, pushy Es. The temperature of the world is rising. Normally state verbs do not match the present continuous. state verbs: belong, have, hate, hear, know, love, mean, prefer, realise, recognise, remember, see, understand, want Es. I like italian food. correct I'm liking italian food. wrong 3. THE PAST SIMPLE TENSES for talk about the past For positive sentences: no auxiliary verb Subject+main verb-ed (or irregular) For negative and question sentences: The auxiliary: did Subject+main verb (in base form) For negative sentences: did+not+main verb. For question sentences: we exchange the subject and the auxiliary verb. Irregular past forms arise-arose, be-was/were, bear-bore, become-became, begin-began, blow-blew, break-broke, bring-brought, build-built, buy-bought, catch-caught, choose-chose, come-came, cost-cost, cut- cut, deal-dealt, do-did, draw-drew, drink-drank, drive-drove, eat-ate, fall-fell, feel-felt, fight- fought, find-found, fly-flew, forget-forgot, forgive-forgave, freeze-froze, get-got, give-gave, go- went, grow-grew, have-had, hear-heard, hide-hid, hit-hit, hold-held, hurt-hurt, keep-kept, know- knew, lead-led, leave-left, lose-lost, make-made, mean-meant, meet-met, pay-paid, put-put, read- read /red, ring-rang, rise-rose, run-ran, say-said, see-saw, seek-sought, sell-sold, send-sent, shake- shook, shine-shone, shoot-shot, shut-shut, sing-ang, sink-sank, sit-sat, sleep-slept, speak-spoke, spend-spent, spread-spread, stand-stood, steal-stole, swear-sworn, swim-swam, take-took, teach- taught, tear-tore, tell-told, think-thought, throw-threw, understand-understood, wear-wore, win- won, write-wrote 4. THE PAST PASSIVE when we are more interested in the person or thing affected by the action than in the person or thing performing the action in the past Verb (passive): the subject of the verb is the person or thing affected by the action to be+the past participle of the main verb Es. Slaves were first brought to Virginia in 1619. They weren't permitted a moment's rest until after nightfall by slaveowners. interrogative sentences: to be+the subject Es.Why were Africans transported to North America? 5. THE PAST PROGRESSIVE (OR PAST CONTINUOUS) TENSE for actions that were not complete at a particular time in the past was/were+present participle (the "-ing form") Es. Present Progressive: I am learning English this year. Past Progressive: I was learning English last year, not this year. When the past simple and the past progressive are used in the same sentence, the progressive is used for the longer action or situation and the past simple for the shorter, completed action or situation. The progressive action is often interrupted by the action in the simple past. Es. I was studying English when my friend arrived. I met my friend when I was running in the park. 6. THE PAST PERFECT when we are talking or writing in the past, and we want to refer to another, earlier past time. Use "had" and the past participle to form the past perfect. Es. It was too late. She had already missed the train. When we use it in a sentence with "when" or "after" it means that something was completely finished before another thing happened. Es. When he had finished his degree, he started looking for a job. She realised that she loved him after he had married somebody else. 7. THE PRESENT PERFECT for completed actions or states seen from the point 0 -W of the present have/has+the past participle (third form) of the main verb Es. He has made fifteen records, all of them great successes. For negative sentences: have/has+not Es. She has not written any filmscripts. For interrogative sentences, have/has+the subject Es. Has she already left or is she still here? In spoken language: have not=haven't, has not=hasn't time adverbs that cannot be used with the Present Perfect: yesterday, last week/month/year, two/three years/days/months ago, in 2021, in February, last winter... Frequency adverb can be used with the Present Perfect Simple Other adverbs frequently used with the Present Perfect Simple: (not) ever/never,before now, so far, throughout + a period, until Es. Have you ever met a film star? Throughout her difficulties, Vespasia has shown immense courage and dignity. Until now, they've done very little to provide any help. Regular Verbs The past participle: the third form of the verb. -ed/-d Irregular Verbs same form: bring, brought, brought different form: break, broke, broken 8. FUTURE FORM: TO BE GOING TO DO for talking about future plans and intentions Es. He's going to buy a car next year. I'm not going to play football on Saturday. Are they going to stay in a hotel when they go to Ireland? 9. WILL'WON'T when someone offers or promises to do something Es. "What's the matter?" "This homework is really difficult. I just can't do it." "Don't worry. I'll help you with it.' (offer) "Please don't tell anyone about what happened." "It's all right. I won't tell anyone.' (promise) 10. FIRST CONDITIONAL Present Tense in the 'if-clause (subordinate)', and 'will' or 'might' or 'may' in the main clause. Use 'will' when you are certain about the result, and 'might' or 'may' when you are less certain about the result. Es. If the Kyoto Protocol is not implemented, global temperatures will continue rising. 11. SECOND CONDITIONAL for thinking abouta particular condition in the future, and the result of this condition There is not a real possibility that this condition will arise. IF + the remote form of the verb (past), would + verb Es. If I won the lottery, I would buy a Jaguar. If you saw an accident, what would you do? He wouldn't do it, even if they paid him. 12. MODAL VERBS for_expressini rmission or ability, for giving recommendations and advice, for_makin