TESINA MATURITÀ YIN YANG INGLESE, Tesine di Maturità di Inglese

Scarica TESINA MATURITÀ YIN YANG INGLESE e più Tesine di Maturità in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! THE HISTORY OF YIN & YANG The theory explaining these concepts is very old and we find it in the "Book of Changes" dating back to 700 BC where the yin is represented by a broken line, while the yang is a continuous one. The concept of Yin and Yang became popular with the work of the Chinese school of Yin Yang which studied philosophy and cosmology in the 3rd century BC. The principal exponent of the theory was the cosmologist Zou Yan (or Tsou Yen) who believed that life went through five phases - fire, water, metal, wood, earth - which continuously interchanged according to the principle of Yin and Yang. 1 THE MAIN ASPECTS OF YIN & YANG Fundamental aspects that regulate the Yin and the Yang:  COMPLEMENTARITY AND OPPOSITION It means that there are two aspects that manifest themselves in the opposite way but that attract each other.  RELATIVITY Nothing is Yin in an absolute sense and nothing is Yang in an absolute sense, but only in relation to something to which it is compared. Man is Yang compared to the woman; but the old man is Yin compared to the young man, just like a young woman will be yang compared to an elderly woman, so  every phenomenon is defined as Yin or Yang only in relation to another that is opposed to it;  every phenomenon called Yin or Yang can be divided into a Yin or yang component.  TRANSFORMATION The Yin and the Yang interpenetrate and generate each other continuously, in an endless process of continuous transformation and change. The maximum of the Yin will inevitably produce the Yang and the maximum of the Yang will inevitably produce the Yin. There is therefore a passage of  change in quantity (the growing Yang)  change in quality (the yang that becomes Yin) From the moment we are conceived, until the last breath we are in duality, in the alternation of the Yin and Yang aspects. In life we experience feelings of pain or joy, of strength or weakness, of hatred and love, etc., so our life contains opposite aspects of 2 YIN AND YANG PROJECTED IN TAOISM "The Tao produces the One, the One produces the Two, the Two produces the Three, the Three produces all beings" _Tao Te Jing of Lao Tsu Taoism has distinguished the dark period before the creation of the universe (the TAO = the Way) from the presence of the universe thanks to two simple words: "One" and "Two". "One" means unique energy. One means inertia. One means a non-productive state. "Two" means two energetic aspects of everything, of every being. ‘’Two’’ means therefore movement, mutation, life, creation, production. After that moment that the West calls "Big Bang", two opposing energies appear that will control each other to maintain harmony, balance, and their movement will matter, and it will give life to beings. So, these are two aspects of the same life energy. The Chinese call them Yin and Yang. The first being is just what Tao Te Jing called the ‘’Three’’. The "Three" is precisely the existence, the being, created by the combination of these two sides of energy, the Yin and the Yang. 5 THE YIN & YANG IDEOGRAM  The word YIN in archaic Chinese writing is divided into two roots:  the left root represents a wall;  while in the right root the upper part represents a roof, and the lower one represents the clouds. The archaic Chinese writing of the word YIN The classical Chinese writing of the word YIN YIN, according to the representation of the ideogram then means the hidden and shadowy part, the darkness, inertia, sadness, the night. It’s in this sense that the word Yin in today's simplified Chinese writing is written with the right root represented by the word moon (night, darkness).  The word YANG in archaic Chinese writing is divided into two roots:  the left root, represents a wall;  while the right root represents a sun above the horizon that sends its rays downwards. The archaic Chinese writing of the word YANG The classical Chinese writing of the word YANG Simplified Chinese writing of the word YANG Yang, according to the representation of the ideogram then means the open and sunny part, clarity, movement, joy, the day. 6 In simplified Chinese writing, the whole right root is replaced by the word sun (clarity, day). YIN & YANG, SYMBOL OF MARTIAL ARTS The graphic representation of the T'ai Chi has also become the symbol of martial arts in general and of the T'ai Chi Ch'üan in particular. All Kung Fu movements are circular like the lines in the diagram. During the execution of the techniques and in the course of a fight there is a continuous alternation of Yin and Yang that we must learn to be aware of them. For example, the forward foot is more Yang, the back one is more Yin, but when we step forward the foot more Yang becomes more Yin and vice versa. The foot that bears most of the weight of the body is more Yang, the other one is more Yin; as soon as the weight moves from one foot to the other one the more Yang tends to be more Yin and the more Yin more Yang. When we are contracted, we are more Yang, when we relax we become more Yin. The visible parts of our body are more Yang, those one that are not seen are more Yin. For example, during a fight, the opponent sees my right fist (which is more Yang because visible) and gives it to me, but he does not see my left fist (plus Yin) striking him. But as soon as the left fist comes to sign, it becomes more Yang, while the right fist, plus Yang, becomes more Yin. 7