The Tudors - I Tudor, Appunti di Inglese

Scarica The Tudors - I Tudor e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! The Tudors  Henry VII was the first king of the Tudor dynasty. He tried to consolidate his positions through: a treaty with France, a treaty with the Netherlands and he arranged a marriage between his son Arthur and the Spanish princess, Catherine of Aragon. He also increased spending on shipbuilding and by doing so England had its own merchant and military fleets.  Henry VIII was the second son of Henry VII. In 1521 the Pope gave him the title of “Defender of the Faith”. After the death of his brother Arthur, he married Catherine of Aragon, but she gave him only a daughter, Mary. He wanted a son to keep the country strong and united and he wanted to divorce from Catherine in order to marry his pregnant mistress Anne Boleyn. The Pope didn’t want to declare Henry’s first marriage invalid, so Henry broke with the Church of Rome and declared himself the “Supreme head on earth of the Church of England” by the Act of Supremacy in 1534. The Anglican Church was born and soon the king dissolved the monasteries, even though they were important because they took care of the poor by managing schools and hospitals. Henry married Anne Boleyn but again, she gave him a daughter, Elizabeth.  Mary was born in 1526. Being rejected by her father and cruelly treated by her mother influenced her during her whole life. Her resentment took a religious connotation when her father broke with the Pope because she didn’t want to abandon her original faith. After her father’s death, she came to throne and she attempted to restore the relationship between the Pope and England and she burnt the protestants, which earned her the nickname of “Bloody Mary”. Her reign was a failure and she died alone.  When Elizabeth became queen, the nation was divided. She was very smart and she could speak four languages and she was a political genius. She decided not to marry anyone to keep in good terms with the other European Royals and she often repeated that “The queen was married to her people. She recognized Spain as her main trade rival and enemy. She secretly encouraged sea captains like Francis Drake to attack the Spanish merchant ships to get slaves from America and Africa, precious metals and tobacco.