Scarica Tudor dinasty / la dinastia dei tudor e più Appunti in PDF di Inglese solo su Docsity! The Tudor dynasty In 1485 there was the end of the War of the Roses and the beginning of the glorious Tudor dynasty.The most important was Henry the 8th, the perfect Renaissance prince because he was a scholar and a soldier, he loved culture in all its form.He had married his brother's widow: Catherine of Aragon and the had had a daughter Mary, but he wanted a male heir and he fell in love with another woman,Anne Boleyn,so he asked the Pope(Clement 7th) to make his marriage null.Obviously he couldn't grant him the divorce so he broke all ties with the Romans Catholic Church and with the famous Act of Supremacy he declared himself Supreme Head of the Anglican Church.This decision was not religious, but political.All the English people were called to take an oath in which they recognised the new Anglican Church.The ones who didn't were executed, one of the most famous was Thomas More(he wrote Utopia in latin, about an ideal society where there was freedom and he criticised medieval England).Henry had 6 wives, his third one,Jane Seymour gave him the male heir he wanted, Edward 6th.When Mary ascended the throne she persecuted and burnt at the stakes protestants, and she was called Bloody Mary.She was the daughter of Catherine, she was Catholic and hated who destroyed her mum's life.Anne Boleyn and Henry had a daughter, Elizabeth 1st, she was a great woman and a great queen; when she ascended the throne she found a very difficult situation.She was always ready to get rid of the enemies of England.She never got married, but had many love affairs, she said she was married to the English people.She loved art, above all theatre and she was tollerant to different religious.Under her there was an important event, the British fleet defeated the famous Spanish fleet the invincible Armada, sent by Philip 2nd; it was important as Spain was considered powerful.After Elizabeth 1st, James 1st ascended the throne, a Stuart.He believed in the divine right of the king,he was convinced his power came from God.This kind of kings are called absolute monarchs, like in France Louis XIV, le Roi Soleil,and they don't recognise the power and the importance of the Parliament.In fact James 1st summoned the Parliament only when he ned money.Under this king there was the Gunpowder Plot,Guy Fawkes was one of the leaders; they tried to blow up the King in the Parliament.It failed and they were all executed, today this event is remembered on the 5th November. La dinastia Tudor Nel 1485 ci fu la fine della Guerra delle Rose e l'inizio della gloriosa dinastia Tudor. Il più importante fu Enrico VIII, perfetto principe del Rinascimento perché studioso e soldato, amava la cultura in ogni sua forma. Aveva sposato la vedova di suo fratello: Caterina d'Aragona e la aveva avuto una figlia Maria, ma voleva un erede maschio e si innamorò di un'altra donna, Anna Bolena, così chiese al Papa (Clemento 7°) di annullare il suo matrimonio .Ovviamente non potendo concedergli il divorzio ruppe ogni legame con la Chiesa Cattolica Romana e con il famoso Atto di Supremazia si dichiarò Capo Supremo della Chiesa Anglicana. Questa decisione non fu religiosa, ma politica. Tutto il popolo inglese furono chiamati a prestare giuramento in cui riconoscevano la nuova Chiesa anglicana. Quelli che non furono giustiziati, uno dei più famosi fu Tommaso Moro (scrisse Utopia in latino, su una società ideale dove c'era libertà e criticò Inghilterra medievale).Henry aveva 6 wi ves, il suo terzo, Jane Seymour gli diede l'erede maschio che voleva, Edoardo 6°. Quando Maria salì al trono, perseguitò e bruciò ai roghi i protestanti, e fu chiamata Bloody Mary. Era la figlia di Caterina, era cattolica e odiava chi aveva distrutto
